Njira zosungira mphamvu zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: zapakati komanso zogawidwa.Kusavuta kumvetsetsa, zomwe zimatchedwa "centralized energy storage" zikutanthauza "kuyika mazira onse mudengu limodzi", ndikudzaza chidebe chachikulu ndi mabatire osungira mphamvu kuti akwaniritse cholinga chosungira mphamvu;"kugawa mphamvu yosungirako" kumatanthauza "Mazira a Ikani mudengu limodzi", zida zazikulu zosungiramo mphamvu zimagawidwa m'magawo angapo, ndipo zida zosungiramo mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu zofananira zimakonzedwa molingana ndi zofunikira zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito panthawi yotumizidwa.
Kusungidwa kwa mphamvu zogawidwa, zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa kusungirako mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kumatsindika za kagwiritsidwe ntchito kakusungirako mphamvu.Kuphatikiza pa kusungirako mphamvu zamagulu ogwiritsira ntchito, palinso zodziwika bwino za mphamvu-mbali ndi grid-mbali yosungirako mphamvu.Eni mafakitale ndi amalonda ndi ogwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba ndi magulu awiri a makasitomala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu, ndipo cholinga chawo chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu ndikuchita ntchito za khalidwe lamphamvu, zosunga zobwezeretsera mwadzidzidzi, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi, mphamvu. mtengo ndi zina zotero.Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mbali ya mphamvu makamaka kuthetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zatsopano, kutulutsa kosalala ndi kulamulira pafupipafupi;pomwe mbali ya gridi yamagetsi ndiyofunikira kuthetsa ntchito zothandizira pakuwongolera pafupipafupi komanso kuwongolera pafupipafupi, kuchepetsa kuchulukana kwa mizere, kusungirako magetsi ndi kuyambitsa kwakuda.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro oyika ndi kutumiza, chifukwa cha mphamvu yayikulu ya zida zotengera, kuzima kwa magetsi kumafunika potumiza pamalo a kasitomala.Kuti zisakhudze ntchito yanthawi zonse ya mafakitale kapena nyumba zamalonda, opanga zida zosungira mphamvu zamagetsi ayenera kumanga usiku, ndipo nthawi yomangayo idzatalikitsidwa.Mtengowo umakulitsidwanso moyenerera, koma kutumizidwa kwa kusungidwa kwa mphamvu zogawidwa kumakhala kosavuta komanso mtengo wake ndi wotsika.Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa zida zogawira zosungirako mphamvu ndizokwera kwambiri.Mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya chipangizo chachikulu chosungiramo mphamvu ya chidebe imakhala mozungulira ma kilowatts 500, ndipo mphamvu zowerengera za osintha ambiri m'mafakitale ndi malonda ndi 630 kilowatts.Izi zikutanthauza kuti chipangizo chapakati chosungira mphamvu chikalumikizidwa, chimakwirira mphamvu yonse ya thiransifoma, pomwe katundu wa thiransifoma wamba nthawi zambiri amakhala 40% -50%, womwe ndi wofanana ndi chipangizo cha 500-kilowatt, chomwe kwenikweni chokha. amagwiritsa ntchito 200- 300 kilowatts, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri.Kusungidwa kwa mphamvu zogawidwa kungathe kugawa ma kilowatts aliwonse a 100 kukhala gawo, ndikuyika ma modules ofanana malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni za makasitomala, kuti zipangizozo zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira.
Kwa mafakitale, malo osungiramo mafakitale, malo opangira ndalama, nyumba zamalonda, malo osungiramo deta, ndi zina zotero, kugawidwa kwamagetsi kumangofunika.Iwo ali ndi mitundu itatu ya zosowa:
Choyamba ndi kuchepetsa mtengo kwa zochitika zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.Magetsi ndi chinthu chokwera mtengo kwambiri kumakampani ndi malonda.Mtengo wamagetsi pazigawo za data ndi 60% -70% ya ndalama zogwirira ntchito.Pamene kusiyana kwapamwamba-ku-chigwa kwamitengo yamagetsi kukukulirakulira, makampaniwa adzatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mtengo wamagetsi mwa kusuntha nsonga kuti zidzaze zigwa.
Chachiwiri ndi kuphatikiza kwa dzuwa ndi kusungirako kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zobiriwira.Mitengo ya kaboni yokhazikitsidwa ndi European Union ipangitsa kuti mafakitale akuluakulu apakhomo akumane ndi chiwonjezeko chachikulu akalowa msika waku Europe.Ulalo uliwonse mu njira yopangira makina opanga mafakitale udzakhala ndi kufunikira kwa magetsi obiriwira, ndipo mtengo wogula magetsi obiriwira siwochepa, choncho chiwerengero chachikulu cha kunja Fakitale ikumanga "kugawidwa kwa photovoltaic + kugawa mphamvu yosungirako" yokha.
Chomaliza ndi kukulitsa kwa thiransifoma, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakulipiritsa milu, makamaka milu yothamangitsa mwachangu komanso zithunzi zamafakitale.Mu 2012, mphamvu yolipirira milu yothamangitsa magalimoto atsopano inali 60 kW, ndipo idakwera mpaka 120 kW pakadali pano, ndipo ikuyandikira 360 kW yochapira mwachangu kwambiri.Kukula kwa njira ya mulu.Pansi pa mphamvu yolipiritsa iyi, masitolo akuluakulu wamba kapena malo opangira ma charger alibe zosinthira zosafunikira zomwe zimapezeka pamlingo wa gridi, chifukwa zimaphatikizanso kukulitsa kwa thiransifoma ya gridi, chifukwa chake iyenera kusinthidwa ndi kusungirako mphamvu.
Pamene mtengo wamagetsi uli wotsika, njira yosungiramo mphamvu imaperekedwa;pamene mtengo wamagetsi uli wapamwamba, njira yosungiramo mphamvu imatulutsidwa.Mwanjira iyi, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wosiyana pakati pa mitengo yamagetsi yamphamvu komanso yachigwa kwa arbitrage.Ogwiritsa ntchito amachepetsa mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito magetsi, ndipo gridi yamagetsi imachepetsanso kupanikizika kwa mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni.Ili ndiye lingaliro lofunikira kuti misika ndi mfundo m'malo osiyanasiyana zimalimbikitsa kusungirako mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.Mu 2022, sikelo yolumikizidwa ndi gridi yosungiramo mphamvu yaku China idzafika pa 7.76GW/16.43GWh, koma pankhani yogawa magawo ogwiritsira ntchito, kusungirako mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumangotengera 10% ya mphamvu yonse yolumikizidwa ndi gululi.Chifukwa chake, m'mbuyomu zomwe anthu ambiri amawona, kukamba za kusungirako mphamvu ziyenera kukhala "ntchito yayikulu" yokhala ndi ndalama mamiliyoni makumi ambiri, koma sadziwa pang'ono za kusungirako mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga kwawo komanso moyo wawo. .Izi zidzasintha ndi kukula kwa kusiyana kwa mtengo wamagetsi pakati pa chigwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndondomeko yothandizira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-23-2023