Tanthauzo la Mphamvu za Solar ndi Zitsanzo ndi Ntchito

Tanthauzo la mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi zitsanzo ndi ntchito
Tanthauzo la mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu yomwe imachokera ku Dzuwa ndipo tikhoza kugwira chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa.Lingaliro la mphamvu ya dzuwa nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito ponena za mphamvu yamagetsi kapena yotentha yomwe imapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Gwero lamphamvu ili likuyimira gwero loyamba lamphamvu padziko lapansi.Chifukwa ndi gwero losatha, limatengedwa kuti ndi mphamvu zowonjezera.

Kuchokera ku mphamvuyi, magwero ena ambiri amphamvu amachokera, monga:

Mphamvu ya mphepo, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya mphepo.Mphepo imapangidwa pamene Dzuwa likutentha mpweya wambiri.
Mafuta amafuta: amachokera ku njira yayitali kwambiri yakuwonongeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.Zowola organic zinali makamaka zomera photosynthesizing.
Mphamvu ya hydraulic, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamadzi.Popanda cheza cha dzuwa, kuzungulira kwa madzi sikutheka.
Mphamvu yochokera ku biomass, kachiwiri, ndi zotsatira za photosynthesis ya zomera.
Mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zamtunduwu ndi m'malo mwa mafuta omwe satulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha monga carbon dioxide.

Zitsanzo za Mphamvu za Dzuwa
Zitsanzo zina za mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi izi:

Ma solar solar a Photovoltaic amapanga magetsi;malo awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, m'misasa yamapiri, etc.
Zopangira mphamvu za Photovoltaic: ndizowonjezera zazikulu za mapanelo a PV omwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga magetsi kuti apereke gridi yamagetsi.
Magalimoto oyendera dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito ma cell a PV kutembenuza ma radiation a solar kukhala magetsi kuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi.
Zophika dzuŵa: zimapangidwa ndi dongosolo la parabolic kuti liwunikire kwambiri kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti liwonjezere kutentha ndikutha kuphika.
Njira zowotchera: ndi mphamvu yotentha ya dzuwa, madzi amadzimadzi amatha kutenthedwa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pozungulira kutentha.
Kutentha kwa dziwe losambira ndi njira yosavuta yamadzimadzi momwe madzi amazungulira motsatira gulu la osonkhanitsa matenthedwe adzuwa omwe ali padzuwa.
Zowerengera: Zida zina zamagetsi zimakhala ndi solar panel yaying'ono kuti ipereke mphamvu kudera lamagetsi.
Mpweya wa dzuwa ndi mtundu wina wa mphamvu ya dzuwa imene imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa dzuŵa kutulutsa mpweya.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba ndi m'nyumba pofuna kukonza mpweya wabwino komanso kuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi.Mpweya woyendera dzuwa ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupumira chipinda chimodzi kapena nyumba yonse.
Photosynthesis ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe zomera zimagwiritsa ntchito kusintha mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala mphamvu ya mankhwala.
Mitundu ya Mphamvu za Dzuwa
Pali mitundu itatu yaukadaulo wamagetsi adzuwa:

Mphamvu ya dzuwa ya Photovoltaic: Ma solar a PV amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe ma radiation adzuwa akagunda, amatulutsa ma elekitironi ndikupanga mphamvu yamagetsi.
Mphamvu ya dzuwa: Dongosololi limatengera mwayi wa kutentha kwa cheza cha Dzuwa.Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yotentha kuti itenthe madzi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutenthetsa madzi otentha apanyumba.M'mafakitale opangira mphamvu ya dzuwa, nthunzi imapangidwa ndipo, kenako, magetsi.
Passive solar energy ndi gwero lothandizira kutentha kwa dzuwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakunja.Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri a zomangamanga angayang’anire nyumba n’kusankha malo oti aike mawindo, poganizira za kumene macheza adzuwa adzalandidwe.Njira imeneyi imadziwika kuti bioclimatic architecture.
Kodi Mphamvu za Dzuwa Zimapangidwa Bwanji?
Kuchokera pakuwona kwakuthupi, mphamvu ya dzuwa imapangidwa mu Dzuwa kudzera muzotsatira zanyukiliya.Mphamvuzi zikafika kwa ife Padziko Lapansi, titha kuzigwiritsa ntchito m'njira zambiri:

Ma solar panel okhala ndi ma cell a photovoltaic.Photovoltaic panels amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe, polandira kuwala, mwachindunji ionize ndi kutulutsa electron.Mwanjira imeneyi, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zosonkhanitsa dzuwa zomwe zapangidwa kuti zisinthe ma radiation a dzuwa kukhala mphamvu yotentha.Cholinga chake ndi kutentha madzimadzi omwe amazungulira mkati.Pankhaniyi, tilibe magetsi, koma tili ndi madzimadzi pa kutentha kwakukulu komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zambiri.
Mphamvu ya dzuŵa yokhazikika ndi dongosolo lomwe limawunikira kuyatsa konse kwadzuwa kupita pamalo okhazikika kuti afike kutentha kwambiri.Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomera za thermosolar pakupangira mphamvu.
Magetsi amphamvu a dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa popanda kulowetsa mphamvu zakunja.Mwachitsanzo, mapangidwe a zomangamanga amalola kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhale kwakukulu m'nyengo yozizira komanso kupewa kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe.
Mitundu ya Solar Panel
Mawu akuti ma solar panels amagwiritsidwa ntchito panjira zonse ziwiri (photovoltaic ndi thermal).Mulimonsemo, mapangidwe ake ndi osiyana kwambiri kutengera mtundu waukadaulo wa solar womwe udzagwiritsidwe ntchito:

Mpweya wotentha wadzuwa umagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa kutenthetsa madzi omwe amasamutsa kutentha kumadzimadzi kenako amatenthetsa madzi.Zotenthetsera madzi adzuwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba kupeza madzi otentha.
Pulogalamu ya photovoltaic imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za semiconductor zomwe zimayikidwa m'maselo a dzuwa.Maselo a dzuwa amatulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi akamakhudzidwa ndi cheza cha dzuwa.Chifukwa cha zomwe zimatchedwa photovoltaic effect, kukhudzana ndi dzuwa kumayambitsa kuyenda kwa ma electron mu chigawo chimodzi (kawirikawiri silicon), kutulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi yosalekeza.
Dongosolo la solar lokhazikika limagwiritsanso ntchito magalasi angapo a parabolic okhala ndi mzere.Cholinga cha magalasi amenewa ndi kuonetsetsa kuti kuwala kwadzuwa kukufika pamalo abwino kwambiri kuti pakhale kutentha kokwanira kuti nthunzi ipange nthunzi.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu za Solar

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu ya Dzuwa: Chitsogozo cha Photovoltaics
Mphamvu ya solar ili ndi ntchito zambiri komanso ntchito zomwe zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'magawo atatu:

Home Hot Water DHW
Kutentha kwamadzi adzuwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi otentha am'nyumba (DHW) ndikuwotchera nyumba ndi nyumba zazing'ono.Zopangira mphamvu za dzuwa zamangidwa kuti, pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira nthunzi, zisinthe kutentha komwe kumasungidwa kukhala magetsi.

Komabe, ma prototypes awa sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magetsi opangira magetsiwa poyerekeza ndi kukwera mtengo komanso magetsi osakhazikika.

Kupanga Magetsi
Mapanelo a Photovoltaic amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina adzuwa akutali kuti azipangira magetsi kutali ndi ma netiweki amagetsi (zofufuza zam'mlengalenga, obwereza matelefoni apamwamba, ndi zina zambiri).Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kwambiri kotero kuti kulumikiza ku gridi yamagetsi sikungakhale kopanda ndalama (zizindikiro zowala, mamita oimika magalimoto, ndi zina).

Zidazi ziyenera kukhala ndi ma accumulators omwe amatha kuunjikira magetsi ochulukirapo masana kuti azitha kuyendetsa zidazi usiku komanso nthawi ya mitambo, nthawi zambiri mabatire adzuwa.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamakina akuluakulu olumikizidwa ndi gridi, ngakhale magetsi amasinthasintha tsiku ndi tsiku komanso nyengo.Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kulosera komanso osakonzekera.

Kuyimitsidwa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa magetsi nthawi iliyonse, kupatulapo kupanga komwe kuli ndi chitetezo chochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwamagetsi komwe kumafunikira pachaka.Komabe, pokhala pachimake cha kupanga magetsi a dzuwa m'chilimwe, amatha kuthetsa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mkati chifukwa cha ma air conditioners.

Kodi Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa Mphamvu ya Dzuwa ndi Chiyani?
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kumaphatikizapo ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.

Kudzudzula kwakukulu kapena zolepheretsa ndizo:

Mtengo wokwera kwambiri pa kilowatt womwe umapezeka.
Iwo amapereka kwambiri mkulu dzuwa.
Kuchita komwe kumapezeka kumadalira ndandanda ya dzuwa, nyengo, ndi kalendala.Pachifukwa ichi, n'zovuta kudziwa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe tidzatha kupeza panthawiyi.Drawback iyi imatha ndi magwero ena amphamvu, monga mphamvu ya nyukiliya kapena zinthu zakale.
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatengera kupanga solar panel.Kupanga mapanelo a photovoltaic kumafuna mphamvu zambiri, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopanda mphamvu zowonjezera monga malasha.
Kumbali ina, muyenera kuganizira za ubwino wa mphamvu ya dzuwa:

Othandizira ake amathandizira kuchepetsa mtengo komanso kupindula bwino chifukwa chakukula kwachuma komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pamakina oyendera dzuwa.
Ponena za kusowa kwa gwero la mphamvuyi usiku, amasonyezanso kuti chiwongoladzanja chokwanira chamagetsi chimafika masana, ndiko kuti, panthawi yopanga mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Ndi gwero la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.M’mawu ena, sichitha.
Ndi mphamvu zosaipitsa: sizimapanga mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ndipo, motero, sizikuthandizira kukulitsa vuto la kusintha kwa nyengo.
Wolemba: Oriol Planas - Industrial Technical Engineer