Radiation ya dzuwa: mitundu, katundu ndi tanthauzo
Tanthauzirani ma radiation: ndi mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi dzuwa mu malo ogulitsa.
Tikamalankhula za kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu za dzuwa kufikira padziko lapansi, timagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro osafunikira. Surlade Irradiation ndi mphamvu yomwe imalandiridwa padera lililonse (J / m2), mphamvu zomwe zidalandiridwa munthawi yopatsidwa. Momwemonso, urradiner ndi mphamvu yomwe idalandilidwa nthawi yomweyo - imafotokozedwa mu watts pa mita imodzi (W / M2)
Kusintha kwa Nyukiliya Nkumba kumachitika mu nyukiliya ya dzuwa ndipo ndi gwero la mphamvu ya dzuwa. Ma raclear radiation amapanga ma radiation yamagetsi pamagulu osiyanasiyana kapena mavelo. Makina opatsirana a electromagnetic amafalitsa malo othamanga (299,792 km).
Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikukuvumbulutsidwa: Ulendo mumitundu ndi tanthauzo la radiation ya dzuwa
Mtengo wozungulira umakhala wozungulira; Solar nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa ma radiation komwe talandira nthawi yomweyo pamalo akunja chakunja kwa dziko lapansi ndi ndege mu rayyoni. Pafupifupi, mtengo wa dzuwa nthawi zonse ndi 1.366 w / m2.
Mitundu ya radiation ya dzuwa
Ma radiation a dzuwa ndi opangidwa ndi mitundu yotsatirayi ya radiation:
Ma ray a infrared (IR): ma radiation a infrated amateteza ndikuimira 49% ya radiation ya dzuwa.
Ma rays owoneka (VI): kuyimira 43% ya radiation ndikuwonetsa kuunika.
Kuwala kwa Ultraviolet (radiation ya UV): kuyimira 7%.
Mitundu ina ya ma rays: kuyimira pafupifupi 1% yonse.
Mitundu ya ma ray a ultraviolet
Kutembenuka, ultraviolet (UV) miyala imagawidwa mbali zitatu:
Ultraviolet A kapena UVA: Amadutsa mlengalenga, kufikira padziko lonse lapansi.
Ultraviolet B kapena UVB: FlyLength. Ali ndi vuto lalikulu kudutsa m'mlengalenga. Zotsatira zake, amafika kudera laling'ono kwambiri kuposa momwe amakhalira.
Ultraviolet C kapena UVC: Brodelththth. Sadutsa mlengalenga. M'malo mwake, ozoni amawatenga.
Katundu wa radiation ya dzuwa
Ma radiation onse okwanira amagawidwa mu spectrum yophatikizika yopanda yunifomu yopanda yunifolomu yokhala ndi belu, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mawonekedwe a thupi lakuda lomwe limapangidwa. Chifukwa chake, sizimangoyang'ana pa pafupipafupi.
Makina a radiation amakhazikika mu gulu la ma radiation kapena kuwala kowoneka ndi nsonga ya 500 nm kunja kwa dziko lapansi, komwe kumagwirizana ndi mtundu wa cyan wobiriwira.
Malinga ndi chilamulo cha munthu, zithunzi za photosytemu zolimbitsa boti pakati pa 400 ndi 700 nm, zikufanana ndi zojambula zowoneka bwino, ndipo ndizofanana ndi ma radiation 41%. Pakati pa photosynthey yogwira ma radiation, pali zigawo ndi radiation:
Blue-violet (400-490 nm)
wobiriwira (490-560 nm)
chikasu (560-590 nm)
Ol Ol-Red (590-700 nm)
Mukamawoloka mlengalenga, ma radiation ya dzuwa ndi kudetsedwa, kupewa, komanso kusiyana mitundu ingapo ya mpweya ngati ntchito yosiyanasiyana.
Mpweya wa dziko lapansi umachita ngati fyuluta. Gawo lakunja la mlengalenga limatenga gawo la radiation, ndikuwonetsa kupumula kwanuko kupita kunja. Zinthu zina zomwe zimachitika ngati Fyuluta ndi kaboni dayokisi, mitambo, ndi mpweya wamadzi, zomwe nthawi zina zimasinthiratu radiation yakusokoneza.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuwongolera ma radiation sichofanana kulikonse. Mwachitsanzo, madera otentha amalandila ma radiation kwambiri chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kuli pafupi ku dziko lapansi.
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ma radiation amafunikira?
Mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi gwero lalikulu lamphamvu ndipo, chifukwa chake, injini yomwe imayendetsa chilengedwe chathu. Mphamvu ya dzuwa yomwe timalandira kudzera mu ma radiation ya dzuwa ndiofunika mwachindunji pazinthu zofunika pazinthu zachilengedwe monga photosynthesis, kapena mphepo ya mpweya.
Mphamvu yapadziko lonse lapansi yomwe imafika padziko lapansi padziko lapansi ndi yokulirapo nthawi 10,000 kuposa mphamvu yomwe imadyedwa ndi anthu onse.
Kodi ma radiation a dzuwa amakhudza bwanji thanzi?
Kutulutsa kwa ultraviolet kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pakhungu lamunthu kutengera ndi kutalika kwa mafunde ake.
Ma radiation a UVA akhoza kuyambitsa khansa yokalamba komanso yapakhungu. Zitha kubweretsanso mavuto adongosolo a m'maso komanso chitetezo.
Ma radiation a UVb amachititsa kutentha kwa dzuwa, kuda, kukumba kwa khungu lakunja kwa khungu, khansa ya khansa, ndi mitundu ina ya khansa yapakhungu. Zitha kubweretsanso mavuto adongosolo a m'maso komanso chitetezo.
Wozoni wosanjikiza amalepheretsa ma radiation ambiri a UVC kuti ufike padziko lapansi. M'madongosolo a uve, ma radiations a uvec amathanso kubwera kuchokera ku nyali zina kapena mtengo wa laser ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha majeremusi kapena kuthandizira kuchiritsa mabala. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchitira khungu ena monga psoriasis, vitiligo, ndi tizisupe pakhungu lomwe limayambitsa T-cell lympoma.
Wolemba: Ortiol Drads - wopanga mafakitale
Post Nthawi: Sep-27-2023