Mphamvu ya Dzuwa ndi mtundu wa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zomwe zimapezeka mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina kuchokera kudzuwa.Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumachoka pa Dzuwa ndikuyenda kudutsa dzuŵa mpaka kukafika pa Dziko Lapansi pansi pa cheza cha electromagnetic.
Tikamatchula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu ya dzuwa, timatchula njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe tiyenera kusinthira mphamvuzi.Cholinga chachikulu cha njira zonsezi ndi kupeza magetsi kapena mphamvu zotentha.
Mitundu yayikulu ya mphamvu yadzuwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano ndi:
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Mphamvu ya Solar ya Photovoltaic
Mphamvu ya dzuwa yotentha
Mphamvu yadzuwa yokhazikika
Mphamvu yadzuwa yopanda mphamvu
Mphamvu ya Solar ya Photovoltaic
Mphamvu ya dzuwa ya Photovoltaic imapangidwa kudzera m'maselo a dzuwa, omwe amasintha kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhala magetsi.Maselowa amapangidwa ndi zida za semiconductor monga silicon ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi adzuwa.
Ma solar a photovoltaic amatha kuikidwa padenga la nyumba, pansi, kapena m'malo ena omwe amalandira kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa.
Thermal Solar Energy
Mphamvu yotentha ya dzuwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa madzi kapena mpweya.Zotengera za dzuwa zimagwira mphamvu ya dzuwa ndikutenthetsa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa madzi kapena mpweya.Machitidwe a dzuwa otentha amatha kukhala otentha kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri.
Njira zochepetsera kutentha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa madzi kuti agwiritse ntchito pakhomo, pamene njira zotentha kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi.
Mphamvu ya Solar Yokhazikika
Mitundu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa: njira zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za Dzuwa Mphamvu yokhazikika ya dzuwa ndi mtundu wa mphamvu zotentha kwambiri za dzuwa.Kuchita kwake kumatengera kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi kapena ma lens kuti ayang'ane kuwala kwadzuwa pamalo okhazikika.Kutentha komwe kumapangidwa pakatikati kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira magetsi kapena kutenthetsa madzi.
Makina opangira mphamvu a dzuwa ndi opambana kwambiri kuposa ma photovoltaic potembenuza mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala magetsi, koma ndi okwera mtengo ndipo amafuna kukonzanso kwakukulu.
Passive Solar Energy
Mphamvu yadzuwa yopanda mphamvu imatanthawuza kapangidwe kanyumba komwe kamagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu zopangira zowunikira ndi kutentha.Mayendedwe a nyumba, kukula ndi malo a mazenera, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga nyumba zokhala ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Mitundu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa: njira zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya DzuwaZitsanzo za njira zongogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi izi:
Kumayambiriro kwa nyumbayi: Kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana mawindo ndi malo okhala kumwera kuti agwiritse ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa m'nyengo yozizira komanso kumpoto m'nyengo yachilimwe kuti asatenthedwe.
Mpweya wabwino wachilengedwe: Mawindo ndi zitseko zitha kupangidwa kuti zipange zojambula zachilengedwe zomwe zimathandiza kuti mpweya wabwino uziyenda mkati mwa nyumbayo.
Insulation: Kutsekereza kwabwino kumatha kuchepetsa kufunika kwa makina otenthetsera ndi kuziziritsa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zipangizo zomangira: Zida zotentha kwambiri, monga mwala kapena konkire, zimatha kuyamwa ndi kusunga kutentha kwadzuwa masana ndi kumasula usiku kuti nyumbayo ikhale yofunda.
Denga ndi makoma obiriwira: Zomera zimatenga mbali ina ya mphamvu ya dzuŵa kuti ipange photosynthesis, yomwe imathandiza kuti nyumbayo ikhale yozizira komanso kuti mpweya ukhale wabwino.
Mphamvu ya Hybrid Solar
Mphamvu ya solar ya Hybrid imaphatikiza matekinoloje a dzuwa ndi matekinoloje ena amagetsi, monga mphepo kapena mphamvu zamagetsi.Makina amphamvu a solar a Hybrid ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa ma solar oyimira okha ndipo amatha kupereka mphamvu zofananira ngakhale popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Zotsatirazi ndizophatikiza zofala kwambiri zamatekinoloje a hybrid solar energy:
Mphamvu ya Dzuwa ndi Mphepo: Makina ophatikizana ndi mphepo yadzuwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma turbine amphepo ndi mapanelo adzuwa kupanga magetsi.Mwanjira imeneyi, makina opangira mphepo amatha kupitiriza kupanga mphamvu usiku kapena masiku a mitambo.
Dzuwa ndi Biomass: Makina osakanikirana a solar ndi biomass amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma solar ndi makina otenthetsera a biomass kupanga magetsi.
Majenereta a Dzuwa ndi Dizilo: Pankhani iyi, majenereta a dizilo ndi gwero lamphamvu losasinthika koma amakhala ngati zosunga zobwezeretsera pomwe mapanelo adzuwa salandira cheza chadzuwa.
Mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu yamadzi: Mphamvu ya dzuwa imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito masana, ndipo mphamvu yamadzi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito usiku kapena kunja kwa mitambo.Ngati pali mphamvu zochulukirapo masana, magetsi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupopa madzi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake kuyendetsa ma turbines.
Wolemba: Oriol Planas - Industrial Technical Engineer
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-08-2023