Kodi mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi chiyani?

Tanthauzo la mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu yomwe imachokeraDzuwakomanso kuti titha kujambula chifukwa cha radiation ya solar.Lingaliro la mphamvu ya dzuwa nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito ponena za magetsi kapenakutentha mphamvuzomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchitokuwala kwa dzuwa.

Gwero lamphamvu ili likuyimira choyambiriragwero la mphamvupaDziko lapansi.Chifukwa ndi gwero losatha, limaganiziridwamphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.

Kuchokera ku mphamvu iyi, zina zambirimagwero a mphamvuamapangidwa, monga:

• Mphamvu ya mphepo, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya mphepo.Mphepo imapangidwa pameneDzuwaimatenthetsa mpweya wambiri.
• Mafuta amafuta: amachokera ku njira yayitali kwambiri yakuwonongeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.Zowola organic zinali makamaka zomera photosynthesizing.
• Mphamvu ya hydraulic, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamadzi.Popanda cheza cha dzuwa, kuzungulira kwa madzi sikutheka.
• Mphamvu zochokerabiomass, kachiwiri, ndi zotsatira zaphotosynthesisza zomera.

Mtundu uwu wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi zinamafuta oyakazomwe sizimatulukampweya wowonjezera kutenthamonga carbon dioxide.

Zitsanzo za Mphamvu za Dzuwa

Enazitsanzo za mphamvu ya dzuwazikuphatikizapo izi:

• Photovoltaicmapanelo a dzuwakupangamagetsi;malo awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, m'misasa yamapiri, etc.
• Zopangira mphamvu za Photovoltaic: ndizowonjezera zazikulu za mapanelo a PV omwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga magetsi kuti apereke gridi yamagetsi.
• Magalimoto oyendera dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito ma cell a PV kutembenuza ma radiation a solar kukhala magetsi kuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi.
• Zophika dzuwa: amapangidwa ndi dongosolo la parabolic kuti akhazikikedzuwa's kuwala kwa mfundo kukwezakutenthandikutha kuphika.
• Makina otenthetsera: ndimphamvu yotentha ya dzuwa, madzi amadzimadzi amatha kutenthedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito potenthetsa.
• Kutentha kwa dziwe losambira ndi njira yosavuta yamadzimadzi momwe madzi amazungulira mozunguliraosonkhanitsa matenthedwe a dzuwazowululidwa kudzuwa.
• Zowerengera: Zida zina zamagetsi zimakhala ndi zazing'onosolar panelkupereka mphamvu kudera lamagetsi.
• Mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwakutenthakutulutsa mpweya.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba ndi m'nyumba pofuna kukonza mpweya wabwino komanso kuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi.Mpweya woyendera dzuwa ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupumira chipinda chimodzi kapena nyumba yonse.
• Photosynthesis ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe zomera zimagwiritsa ntchito kusintha mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala mphamvu ya mankhwala.

Mitundu ya Mphamvu za Dzuwa

Pali mitundu itatu yaukadaulo wamagetsi adzuwa:

• Mphamvu ya dzuwa ya Photovoltaic: PV solar panels amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe, pamene ma radiation a dzuwa agunda, amatulutsa ma electron ndi kupanga magetsi.magetsi.
• Mphamvu ya dzuwa yotentha: Dongosololi limatengera mwayikutentha mphamvuza kuwala kwa Dzuwa.Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yotentha kuti itenthetse madzi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito potenthetsamadzi otentha apanyumba.Mumagetsi opangira magetsi a dzuwa, nthunzi imapangidwa ndipo, pambuyo pake, magetsi.
• Passive solar energy ndi gwero lothandizira kutentha kwa dzuwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakunja.Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri a zomangamanga angayang’anire nyumba n’kusankha malo oti aike mawindo, poganizira za kumene macheza adzuwa adzalandidwe.Njira imeneyi imadziwika kutibioclimatic zomangamanga.

Kodi Mphamvu za Dzuwa Zimapangidwa Bwanji?

Kuchokera pakuwona kwakuthupi, mphamvu ya dzuwa imapangidwa mu Dzuwa kudzera muzotsatira zanyukiliya.Mphamvuzi zikafika kwa ife Padziko Lapansi, titha kuzigwiritsa ntchito m'njira zambiri:

• Solar panels ndima cell a photovoltaic.Photovoltaic panels amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe, polandira kuwala, mwachindunji ionize ndi kutulutsa electron.Mwanjira imeneyi, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi.
• Kugwiritsaosonkhanitsa dzuwazomwe zapangidwa kuti zisinthe ma radiation a dzuwa kukhala mphamvu yotentha.Cholinga chake ndi kutentha madzimadzi omwe amazungulira mkati.Pankhaniyi, tilibe magetsi, koma tili ndi madzimadzi pa kutentha kwakukulu komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zambiri.
• Mphamvu ya dzuŵa yokhazikika ndi dongosolo lomwe limawonetsa kuyatsa konse kwadzuwa mpaka pamalo okwera kwambirikutentha.Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomera za thermosolar pakupangira mphamvu.
• Magetsi amphamvu a dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa popanda kulowetsa mphamvu zakunja.Mwachitsanzo, mapangidwe a zomangamanga amalola kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhale kwakukulu m'nyengo yozizira komanso kupewa kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe.

Mitundu ya Solar Panel

Mawu akuti ma solar panels amagwiritsidwa ntchito panjira zonse ziwiri (photovoltaic ndi thermal).Mulimonsemo, mapangidwe ake ndi osiyana kwambiri kutengera mtundu waukadaulo wa solar womwe udzagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• Mpweya wotentha wadzuwa umagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa kutenthetsa madzi omwe amasamutsa kutentha kumadzimadzi kenako amatenthetsa madzi.Zotenthetsera madzi adzuwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba kupeza madzi otentha.
• Thephotovoltaic panelimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za semiconductor zomwe zimayikidwa m'maselo a dzuwa.Maselo a dzuwa amatulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi akamakhudzidwa ndi cheza cha dzuwa.Zikomo kwa otchedwamphamvu ya photovoltaic, kukhudzana ndi dzuwa kumayambitsa kuyenda kwa ma elekitironi mu chigawo chimodzi (nthawi zambirisilicon), kutulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi mosalekeza.
• Dongosolo la solar lokhazikika limagwiritsanso ntchito magalasi angapo a parabolic okhala ndi mzere.Cholinga cha magalasi awa ndikuwunikira kwambiri ma radiation adzuwa kuti afikire kutentha kokwanira kuti apange steamUses of Solar Energy.
  Mphamvu ya solar ili ndi ntchito zambiri komanso ntchito zomwe zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'magawo atatu:

  Home Hot Water DHW
  Kutentha kwamadzi adzuwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi otentha am'nyumba (DHW) ndikuwotchera nyumba ndi nyumba zazing'ono.Zopangira mphamvu za dzuwa zamangidwa kuti, pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira nthunzi, zisinthe kutentha komwe kumasungidwa kukhala magetsi.

  Komabe, ma prototypes awa sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magetsi opangira magetsiwa poyerekeza ndi kukwera mtengo komanso magetsi osakhazikika.
  Kupanga Magetsi
  Mapanelo a Photovoltaic amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina adzuwa akutali kuti azipangira magetsi kutali ndi ma netiweki amagetsi (zofufuza zam'mlengalenga, obwereza matelefoni apamwamba, ndi zina zambiri).Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kwambiri kotero kuti kulumikiza ku gridi yamagetsi sikungakhale kopanda ndalama (zizindikiro zowala, mamita oimika magalimoto, ndi zina).

  Zidazi ziyenera kukhala ndi ma accumulators omwe amatha kuunjikira magetsi ochulukirapo masana kuti azitha kuyendetsa zidazi usiku komanso nthawi ya mitambo, nthawi zambiri mabatire adzuwa.

  Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamakina akuluakulu olumikizidwa ndi gridi, ngakhale magetsi amasinthasintha tsiku ndi tsiku komanso nyengo.Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kulosera komanso osakonzekera.

  Kuyimitsidwa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa magetsi nthawi iliyonse, kupatulapo kupanga komwe kuli ndi chitetezo chochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwamagetsi komwe kumafunikira pachaka.Komabe, pokhala pachimake cha kupanga magetsi a dzuwa m'chilimwe, amatha kuthetsa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mkati chifukwa cha ma air conditioners.

  Kodi Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa Mphamvu ya Dzuwa ndi Chiyani?
  Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kumaphatikizapo ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.

  Kudzudzula kwakukulu kapena zolepheretsa ndizo:

  Mtengo wokwera kwambiri pa kilowatt womwe umapezeka.
  Iwo amapereka kwambiri mkulu dzuwa.
  Kuchita komwe kumapezeka kumadalira ndandanda ya dzuwa, nyengo, ndi kalendala.Pachifukwa ichi, n'zovuta kudziwa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe tidzatha kupeza panthawiyi.Drawback iyi imatha ndi magwero ena amphamvu, monga mphamvu ya nyukiliya kapena zinthu zakale.
  Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatengera kupanga solar panel.Kupanga mapanelo a photovoltaic kumafuna mphamvu zambiri, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopanda mphamvu zowonjezera monga malasha.
  Kumbali ina, muyenera kuganizira za ubwino wa mphamvu ya dzuwa:

  Othandizira ake amathandizira kuchepetsa mtengo komanso kupindula bwino chifukwa chakukula kwachuma komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pamakina oyendera dzuwa.
  Ponena za kusowa kwa gwero la mphamvuyi usiku, amasonyezanso kuti chiwongoladzanja chokwanira chamagetsi chimafika masana, ndiko kuti, panthawi yopanga mphamvu ya dzuwa.
  Ndi gwero la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.M’mawu ena, sichitha.
  Ndi mphamvu zosaipitsa: sizimapanga mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ndipo, motero, sizikuthandizira kukulitsa vuto la kusintha kwa nyengo.